Strategic Change in an Organization

strategicalalal Change in an Organization submissionChange instruction is the process, tools and techniques to manage the stack-side of pipeline assortment to win the mandatory business outcome and to realize that business ex win over effectively inwardly the social infrastructure of the d on the wholeyplace.Change counsel Learning CenterStrategic watchfulness is the art and science of formulating, fulfiling and evaluating cross-functional decisions that bequeath en suitable an organization to achieve its objectives. It involves the systematic identification of specifying the firms objectives, nurturing policies and strategies to achieve these objectives, and acquiring and making available these choices to implement the policies and strategies to achieve the firms objectives. Strategic counseling, therefore, integrates the activities of the discordant functional sectors of a business, such as marketing, sales, production etc., to achieve organisational goals.Task 12.1 Examination the fate for strategic substitute in an organization2.1.1 conjectureThe complexity of semipolitical, regulatory, and technical adjustments confronting most organizations has made radical organisational inter pitch and adaptation a central research issue. This article sets out a framework for arrest organizational varyations from the perspective of neo-institutional theory. The principal theoretical issue addressed in the article is the interaction of organizational context and organizational action. The article examines the processes by which exclusive organizations retain, adopt, and discard templates for organizing, given the institutionalized nature of organizational fields.2.1.2 application in that location atomic chip 18 two possible organizational lurch assumes that the Nokia utilize in scoreing their efforts that falls under the Strategic Planning model. There is various var. of approach and two be picked-up for c arful examination. Th e two models argon Alignment Model and Scenario Planning Model2.1.2.1 Alignment ModelThis kind of model examines the strong alignment among the organizations mission and its resources to effectively operate the organization. This model is effective for organizations that need to fine-tune strategies or find out wherefore they be not operative. Nokia might too choose this model if it is experiencing a large number of issues around internal efficiencies. Overall steps implyThe hypothesise company outlines the organizations mission, programs, resources, and needed substitute. fall upon whats working advantageously and what needfully adjustment.Identify how these adjustments should be made.2.1.2.2 Scenario PlanningThis approach might be utilize in conjunction with other models to ensure planners truly under manoeuver strategic thinking. The model whitethorn be subroutineful, itemly in identifying strategic issues and goals.1. Comes with the pickax of several(prenomina l) external forces and imagining the link changes which might influence the organization.2. For each change in a force, discuss three different future organizational scenarios which might arise with the organization as a result of each change. Reviewing the worst-case scenario practically provokes strong motivation to change the organization.2.1.3 description Nokia examined that they need to strategic change for their organization beca theatrical role of the organizations mission, programs, resources, and needed support and several external forces and imagining the related changes which might influence the organization.2.2 Assess the factors that atomic number 18 driving the need for strategic change2.2.1 Theory2.2.1.1 Political-Legal factorsPolitical and legal systems vary between countries and often boast a direct impact on organizations by placing boundaries on what they pot and thunder mugnot do. Governments tend to regulate industries such as mogul interpret telecommu nications, postal services and transport and these regulations differ between countries. Merger activity is draw nearively subject to the approval of competition authorities by political and legal factors.2.2.1.2 Economic FactorsEconomic factors such as wage trains, ostentatiousness and involution rates are critical in driving an organizations exist base. Electronics companies have switched many production facilities to low wage economies in Asia to shave prices. The business cycle or general state of the economy is also a major influence on organizational social welfare and changes in cardinal of the major economies have far-reaching effects.2.2.1.3 Socio-cultural factorsNokia have managed to be quite environmentally friendly and have not done anything that the consuming public have discovern huge offence to, they have been very careful more than or little this and this is one of the reasons they are such a popular brand of alert phones. A anchor force for most or ganizations is demographic change, since changes in the number and age of the population result directly affect the demand for particular products and services.2.2.1.4 technological factorsTechnology is an important environmental influence and is leading untold management to reconsider fundamentally the way they operate. Advances in information utilise science in particular finish affect all aspects of a business, from its boilers suit strategic position through to how it manages marketing, design, production and distribution.2.2.2 diligencePEST psychoanalysis is done to understand the macro-economic factors that might affect Nokia.2.2.2.1 PoliticalNokia has angleed its manufacturing units to India. Nokia has to be careful of the labor laws and its political implications. For instance, the factory was shut for 2 weeks because of employee strike. In hardly a(prenominal) of the countries, mobile market is still broad(prenominal)ly regulated and government hitch does take place.2.2.2.2 EconomicalEconomy plays a key role in hitability of the smart phone diligence. The demand for smart phone is resilient and hence any economic downturn might hamper the sales of the smart phones.2.2.2.3 SocietalWe do not perceive ofttimes of social impacts to Smartphone industry as society are quite receptive to boost technology. Moreover the rise of the so-called information society has made telecommunications increasingly more important to customer, both in terms of work and leisure.2.2.2.4 TechnologicalSmartphone industry is marked by drastic technological changes. Innovation and overbold product launches at faster rate are key attributes for victory in this industry.2.2.3 Comments Nokia Assess the factors that are driving the need for strategic change by PEST analysis because of PEST Analysis is a useful tool for understanding the strategic change of the environment in which Nokia are operating, and the opportunities and threats that lie within it. By under standing Organizational environment, Nokia bed take advantage of the opportunities and minimize the threats.2.3 Assess the resource implications of the organisation not opposeing to strategic change2.3.1 TheoryResource implications There are severe resource implications to an organisation for not responding to strategic change. The respond should be implemented at the right time.Human resourcesPhysical resourcesFinancial resourcesIf the organisation does not respond to changes, this give affect its entire resources adverselyHuman resourcesTo maintain a healthy, winnerful and effectual environment Nokia collaborates with its employees under the main goal to pass water an environment for all its employees where they can fulfill their potential. Motivation, encouragement and maintaining employees satisfaction and healthy-being at work are vital for Nokia to perpetrate at its best. As a nears manufacturer Nokia collaborates with its employees within formal and informal networks to allow ideas to be exchanged easily.2.3.2 ApplicationNokia count of all the complete or rusty lag for the organization hires to work for them. Nokia do hire highly skilled staff due to its nature of technology work and provide them with instruct to keep them update and create opportunities for program girders who can work from priggishty to compete in a competition to win prices and purge crack cocaine them jobs. In this time of recession and economy down turn any Nokia is looking to cut cost by making their surplus staff redundant.2.3.3 Comments Nokia measure the human resource implications to their organisation for not responding to strategic change because of the Nokia has highly skilled staff due to their nature of technological work and provide them efficient training program. So Nokia no need to assess the resource implication for their strategic change.3.1 raise systems to involve stakeholders in the planning of change3.1.1 TheoryStakeholder analysis is the pro cess of identifying the several(prenominal)s or groups that are in all probability to affect or be affected by a proposed action, and select them according to their impact on the action and the impact the action will have on them. Stakeholder analysis is a key part of stakeholder management. There are3.1.1.1 Identifying StakeholdersWhen Stakeholders identified as sight or organizations that are pertain well-nigh, affected by, have a vested busy in, or are winding in some way with the issue at hand. Intermediary fellowship groups, identified during the capacity-building segment, can help identify a broad pussycat of stakeholders. Though, it is important to discover the informal stakeholder groups and assess their importance.3.1.1.2 Stakeholder MappingMapping stakeholders is a strategic business tool which identifies and assesses the effect of a different someone or group of stakeholders on a company. It examines the creator stakeholders can exert, the sexual intercourse l ikelihood of them victimization that power, and their level of interest regarding the companys activities.The stakeholders in this way are broadly divided into four groupsLow interest/low powerhigh interest/low powerlow interest/high powerand high interest/high power3.1.2 ApplicationNokia father stakeholders planning to change by using two methods identify and subroutine stakeholders. With stakeholder mapping, when Nokia utilise in combination with the political mapping methodology, they dont have to be as accurate in determining the levels of interest and power in the first analysis. With stakeholder mapping, Nokia can identify people who dont have much interest in, or power over, their issues and can thus be unheeded from come along analysis.3.1.3 Comment Nokia should use the mapping stakeholders method for developing their stakeholders planning to change because of Nokia can identify people, who dont have much interest in, or power over, their issues and can thus be ignored from further analysis of stakeholders change planning.3.2 Develop a change management scheme with stakeholders3.2.1 TheoryStakeholder trouble is an important discipline that successful people use to win support from others. It helps them ensure that their projects succeed where others fail.Stakeholder Analysis is the technique employ to identify the key people who have to be win over.CUsersJewelDesktopstakeholder-management-proc.gifIdentify stakeholders The success of the project depends upon the satisfaction of the stakeholders. Therefore, it is indispensable to identify the stakeholders before you develop the product. Identifying stakeholders enables a software aggroup to make better decisions and carrying out phases of the development process. written document inescapably Publish the completed, prioritized Stakeholder Needs Documents to each stakeholder. Include a replica of the original stakeholder tucking document. Ask for any corrections or changes to their needs wit hin one week.Analysis stakeholders interest Shareholders and employees have a customary interest in the success of the organization. High profits which not provided lead to high dividends but also job security. Suppliers have an interest in the growth and prosperity of the firm.Manage stakeholders pre resource Three Managing Stakeholders expectations that are given belowKnow your stakeholdersKnow what you are suppose to preserve from the prospective of the stakeholdersHold your stakeholders accountable to the realities of the projects.Take action A Stakeholder should take this action in stakeholders management analysis, which is given belowCommunicating with stakeholders and care them informed of matters that are likely to be of interest to themObtaining information from stakeholders that will be relevant to the projectManaging the expectations of stakeholdersInvolving stakeholders in all key decisions about the project3.2.2 ApplicationNokia applied develop change management st rategy by stakeholders management process. As we discussed on above stakeholders management model, which is helps Nokia to ensure that their change management strategy projects will be succeed.3.2.3 Comments Nokia can use the stakeholders management Model for their develop strategy change management because of this is the technique employ to identify the key people who have to be won over. Moreover, by using this model Nokia can identify customers needs and expectation and take action in future for their change management.3.3 Evaluate the systems used to involve stakeholders in the planning of change3.3.1 Theory foeman to change Resistances to Change can occur at the organizational level, group level, or individual level.3.3.1.1 Organizational-LevelPower and conflict If change benefits one function at the expense of another, conflict Impedes the change process. Powerful divisions, such as IBMs mainframe division, can disrupt change.If sales fall, RD wants funding for product devel opment eon sales wants to hire more people. Subunit orientations cause coordination problems and slow decision-making. A high level of task interdependence makes change difficult. It is more intricate at top levels by affecting the entire organization.3.3.1.2 root-level vindications to changeGroup norms When change results in different task and role relationships, informalnorms may stimulate invalid, making a new set of norms necessary. mint may resistthis.Group cohesiveness, attraction to the group, is helpful, but if it is too high, the group may resist change. The group may work to maintain its position even at the expense of other groups.3.3.1.3 Individual-level resistances to changeUncertainty and insecurity Resistance to the uncertainty and insecurity of change results in inertia. Selective perception and storage suggests that people perceive information consistent with their views. If change doesnt benefit them, they do not endorse it.Habit multitude prefer familiar t asks and tend to return to original ports, making change.3.3.2 ApplicationNokia evaluated stakeholders planning to change management by using resistances to change model, which is occurring at the organizational level, group level, or individual level for resistances change. Moreover Nokias stakeholders Group resistance occurs when members ignore disconfirming information to achieve harmony.3.3.3 Comment Nokia does not have any organizational resistances to change for their stakeholders change management.3.4 Create a strategy for managing resistance to change3.4.1 TheoryStrategies for managing resistance to changeIdentify all parties that have a stake in the outcome? Include a way to evolve all stakeholders involved in the planning and implementation.Goal in the fountainhead no matter how maintains Your Focus. Keep the long-term whelmed by the resistance allure it is to get over.Use opposition as opportunities to invite really think about the proposed beneath the surface and he ar what people changes.Respect your stakeholders quantify inputValidate concernsThat resistance will go away. Include slipway to keep Do not ignore, avoid, or hope the planning and implementation the doors of communication open throughout of the change.3.4.2 Application Stakeholders are applied these responsibilities for managing resistance to change of Nokia, which is given belowIdentify the stakeholders whose commitment is required.For each slip of stakeholder, light upon the needed change, perceived benefits and expect resistance.Develop action plans including ones for the stakeholder groups that are not sufficiently committed.One critical group often ignored is higher-level administration they must be included one of the key groups.3.4.3 Comment Nokia can managing resistance to change by using stakeholders strategy for example, stakeholders describe their needs for change, perceived benefits and expected resistances.Task 21.1Discuss models of strategic change1.1.1 TheoryStrat egic change is defined as changes in the sate of a firms strategy as defined by its scope, resource deployments, war-ridden advantages, and synergy.Hofer and Schendel 1978Strategic change as a subject has for long travel a question of importance, within the strategic management field. The reason to why strategic change is important is because it represents the means through which an organization maintains co alignment with shift key competitive, technological and social environments. Strategic change can though damage existing resources and dressance especially among organizations highly symbiotic on human resources these organizational resources decrease the propensity to adapt strategic change, because of new roles, tasks and circumstances.Kraatz Zajac, 20011.1.2 ApplicationNokia developed their organizational strategic change by using a number of mergers and acquisitions (MAs) of other firms with more or less related but different business activities. MA as well as strateg ic alliances are a means to convey the necessary capabilities and are meant to improve the overall performance of the firm. Nokia is now gradually shifting from MA to alliances in order to strengthen their core capabilities, and divesting and refocusing its business activities instead of diversifying business activities.1.1.3 Comments Nokia can develop their organizational strategic change by using a number of mergers and acquisitions (MA) process because of MA to obtain the necessary capabilities and to improve the overall performance of the organization.1.2 Evaluate the relevance of models of strategic change to organisations in the current economy1.2.1 TheorySupply twine management ModelSupply chain is operating as efficient as possible and generating the highest level of customer satisfaction at the utmost cost, companies have adopted Supply Chain Management processes and associated technology.Nokia is in a highly competitive market that is very margin/cost afflictive and eq uipment companies are less and less able to make enough profit on just the sale of boxes alone. The strategy it has adopted is to move to a service and solutions-orientated model, facilitated by the digitalization of the whole telecoms business. Nokias aim has been to create tax revenue streams from operating the product for the customer or by providing service contracts.1.2.2 ApplicationNokia Networks has done a great job by using all the best practice approaches to return chain management model and has applied them to a new area of the supply chain an area which is much more important in the current market economy.Nokia using their supply chain to create differentiation in the market place. With this model they are going to be a leader in the transformation of the industry this company has taken a giant step forward. Nokia Networks operates in a highly competitive global market place where low-cost manufacturers and getting more profit.1.2.3 Comment Nokia can evaluate the str ategic change for their organisations in the current economy by the application of supply chain management model because of Nokia supply chain management to create differentiation in the market place, which highly operates the competitive global market place. As which Nokia able to earn more profit.1.3 Assess the value of using strategic intervention techniques in organisations1.3.1 TheoryStrategic Intervention is a method for assisting people to find empowering meanings for their life circumstances, discover why they do what they do and how they meet their needs in positive and negative ways, the understanding of which helps to promote sustainable change.Tony RobbinsOrganization Development InterventionsOD interventions are plans or programs comprised of specific activities knowing to effect change in some facet of an organization. In general, organizations that invite to achieve a high degree of organizational change will employ a full range of interventions, including those de signed to transform individual and group behavior and attitudes.1.3.1.1 Individual OD InterventionsRole negotiationManagement trainingJob redesignCareer planning1.3.1.2 Team OD InterventionsTeam buildingProcess consultationInter-group team building1.3.1.3 Organizational-wide OD InterventionsSurvey feedbackConfrontation meetingStructural redesignManagement by objectives (MBO)1.3.2 ApplicationNokia used organizational development strategic intervention techniques in their organisations. As we discuss on above individual OD of Nokia implies several things like management training, job design. Moreover team OD implies team building and process consultation. This is the strategic intervention of Nokia Ltd.1.3.3 Comment Nokia should gain individual organizational development strategic intervention techniques in their organisations because of Individual level strategic intervention gives more advantages for the organization. Nokia redesign job and provide management training methods by ap plying this intervention technique. Thats why this is important for Nokia.4.1 Develop get hold of models for change4.1.1 TheoryOrganizational change is the movement of an organization from one situation of dealings to another. Organizational change can take many forms. It may involve a change in a companys structure, strategy, policies, procedures, technology, or culture. The change may be planned years in work up or may be forced upon an organization because of a shift in the environment. Organizational change can be radical and alter the way an organization operates, or it may be incremental and soft change the way things are done. Nokia applied 5p model for develop their organizational change.4.1.2 Application The 5 Ps Model of NokiaPrincipal and ProcessPeople exertionPurpose4.1.2.1 Purpose This includes the organizations mission, vision, goals, and objectives, as well as strategies for achieving the vision and mission. Leaders must induce the strategic direction and goals of their organizations as well as the strategies and tactics for achieving them.4.1.2.2 Principles Nokia is the honesty base, ethics, and core values to which employees are expected to make a commitment when they are hired. Leaders of Nokia understand the principles upon which their organizations were founded and upon which they before long operate.4.1.2.3 Processes Processes are the organizational structures, systems, and procedures that are used to make the products or perform the services that the Nokia provides, as well as the infrastructure and rules that support these systems and procedures. Therefore, Nokia Processes that are well documented and Principles that are well communicated can drive behavior that is necessary to achieve Performance excellence.4.1.2.4 People People are the employees who perform work that is consistent with the Principles and Processes of Nokia to achieve its Purpose. Nokia business leaders understand and can align Purpose, Principles, Processes, and P eople, they are more likely to achieve Performance excellence.4.1.2.5 Performance Performance encompasses all the metrics, cadences, and expected results that indicate the status of Nokia and are used as criteria for decision making. It is essential that business leaders understand and establish measurement and feedback systems for their organizations long-term survive and profitability.4.1.3 Comment Nokia can develop their organizational change model by using 5ps model because of 5ps model implies the organizations purpose, principal, process, people and performance by which Nokia can achieve their goals and develop organizations structure, producers and performance measurement for strategic decision making. So 5p model is very important for develop organizational change.4.2 Plan to implement a model for change4.2.1 TheoryImplementation of 5p modelImplementation is the realization of an application, or execution of a plan, idea, model, design, specification, standard, algorithm, o r policy.The model that we used in our change management is uniform to the 5-P Model implemented in this article, These arePurposePrinciplesProcessPeoplePerformanceThis model may be appropriate based on the nature of the change, the culture of the organization, and the personalities and style of the change leaders. The important thing is to use a model that serves as an anchor to the day-to-day vagaries of change. Whether were using the 5-P Model, or any number of other change management models, we can be successful.4.2.2 ApplicationImplementation of 5p Model of NokiaThe main purpose of Nokia is that, to achieve organizational mission, vision and goals by providing their principal like, good customer service, qualities of product supply, cost reduction and profit maximization. Moreover, Nokias Processes are the developing organizational structures, systems, and procedures that are used to make the qualities of products or perform the best services by providing their gifted technol ogies, Employees and market leaders. Performance is essential because the market leaders of Nokia understand and establish measurement and feedback systems for their organizations long-term survive and profitability.4.2.3 Comment The implementation of 5p model of Nokia should apply in the organization because it will show the overview of organizations current objectives, structure and technologies by which company can take further step of change model.4.3 Develop appropriate measures to monitor progress4.3.1 TheoryDeveloping observe progress is about keeping track of how the work with others is going, making sure you are on task and on time. Monitoring progress in working with others involves you considering your progress inmanaging a group activity to enable the group to achieve its goals effectively and efficientlyestablishing and maintaining co-operative working relationships, exchanging feedback and agreeing ways to solve difficulties andMonitoring and critically reflecting on your use of skills in working with others, and adapting your strategy as necessary.4.3.2 ApplicationNokia develop in their organizations monitoring progress by using appropriate measuring tools, which is given belowIdentify Problems Surveys are can be very effective in identify problems areas before they become serious, especially those that are hidden from ranking(prenominal) management.Training Lack of proper training is a common cause of dissatisfaction among employees and can lead to more serious problems such as stress.Communication For Nokia to run efficiently good internal and external communications are essential, surveys can provide a method to help organizations to monitor and measure how well an organization communicates.Goals and Objectives Nokia can measure and monitor the extent that the personnel are aligned with the senior managements business goals and objectives.4.3.3 Comment Nokia can develop organizations monitor progress by measuring tools which is discusse d on above. Nokia measures organizations current monitor progress by Identify problems, benchmark, training and goals and objective and can take decision for develop planning to monitor progress.